Saturday 10 August 2019

Standpoint



Recently, an advertisement in the newspaper affected me a lot.

No, it was not an ad for an alcoholic brand, nor was it for a tobacco product. It was an ad for ‘audio books’- classics to be more precise. Do I hate books or do I hate sound? I am sure most of you know that I love both. The cause for my consternation was something else.

‘Reading’ matters a lot to me- ‘Reading’ as in reading ‘mentally’. What happens when we read to ourselves? First, we can read at our own pace. Second, we can pause when a word or a sentence or a passage is beautiful and brilliant. We can close our eyes and savour that moment. We can go back to that line, re-read, and therefore relive that moment. If we come across a new word or a tough word, we can stop and either make a mental note or note it down on a paper. At times, we can also refer to the dictionary instantly to understand the word, the context and the usage. We can visualise the sequence, letting our imagination free. Most importantly, we can feel the pages. We can smell the pages. The aroma and the feeling are enough to give us an unique experience which cannot be put in words(or one may have to write a separate book for this, yes a ‘written book’!).

Tell me if any of these is possible in an audio book. However eloquent the reader in the audio book is, however beautiful his/her diction is, however expressive his/her tone is, can we get the same experience of reading a physical book?

Of course, I have listened to some ‘reading sessions’ but these were limited to some select passages and not the entire book. These kindle an interest for the book and make one ‘acquire’ the book. Well, that second word in the previous sentence got me reminded of ‘e-books’. These in my opinion, are acceptable to a certain extent but cannot replace the joy of reading a physical book.

I am writing all these for a reason.

Though music cannot be compared with books, I got reminded of my views on ‘listening to a song’. Well, here I solely mean a film song and not a classical song. Experience with the latter will be described soon in some other post. People who know me well, know that I prefer ‘listening’ to ‘watching’ and that precisely for that reason, You Tube videos are not given as links in posts. Since I have covered this aspect in the past, I am not getting into further details.

But the reason for my aversion for ‘watching’ a song- a beautiful gem at that- can be easily understood if one listens to the Rare Gem of the day and then ‘watches’ it.
I have said many times that it indeed is next to impossible to find out what runs in his mind while composing a song. I have also suggested that scientists should invent a special machine, connect it to his brain and monitor the creative thought process. 

While it is a fact that he composes the tune and subsequently the prelude and the interlude(s) after the Director explains the situation, it is also a fact that a majority of the directors are musically illiterate. So, his imagination runs riot while composing the tune on the harmonium and more so while writing the notes for the orchestra. It is here that he starts experimenting not to get appreciation from anyone concerned but purely for self-actualisation. Otherwise, how can one explain his playing with the rhythm, his use of master techniques like cross-rhythm, usi, gati bhedam, graha bedam etc..?

But this has a flip side too. Since our directors are musically illiterate(a majority of them), neither do they understand the nuances and the techniques nor do they appreciate the subtleties. Because of this, there is a mismatch between the music and the visuals. But he cannot be blamed for this, though I wonder how he would have felt each time he watched the visuals for his music on screen.

NenjukkuL Poo Manjam’ (Saattai Illadha Pambaram-1983) falls in this category without a trace of doubt. In fact, one of the most significant features of this song is the rhythm and the sharp percussion in the beginning which was totally chopped off while picturising.

But without worrying about all that, let us look at the song.

It starts with the percussion playing sharp beats, but that is not all. The composition is set in tisram(3-beat cycle). The Master divides 3 into 6 micro-beats- as ta ka dhi mi ta ka- and makes the percussion play only the first, third and the fourth leaving others blank. See (listen) as to how it sets the mood for a romantic song.

After four repetitions, the trumpets and the bass guitar join even as the percussion continues in the same pattern in the background. The bass guitar sounds sharp too, albeit in its own inimitable style, and acts as an additional rhythm. After a while, the guitar joins, indulges in a brief call and response with the piped instruments with the flute joining later and charting its own path. The guitar family finally plays the melody of the first line with the percussion sounding sharp once as if to signal the end of the grand prelude!

The Pallavi which starts with the humming of Janaki is yet another rhythmic feast. There are three (at least) sets of percussion. The first one plays ta ka dhi mi(1 2 3 4) twice in mel kaalam(fast pace). The second one starts after a gap of 4 beats(it is left blank!) and plays ta ka dhi mi twice. The third one plays ta ka dhi mi once. This pattern continues in both the CharaNams.

But the composer, who is known for giving variegated patterns, thinks differently in the interludes. Let us see this as we go along.

The first interlude starts with the guitar sounding the bass, giving that Spanish feel. Then, just one string of another guitar for every first beat of Tisram. Mind you, no percussion is used here and just  one string of the guitar acts as percussion. This is followed by a melody by the same guitar with a different sound(from the keys?) accompanying it. The piped instruments make an entry and only now do the drums(percussion) sound. The friendly banter between the bass guitar and the piped instruments makes it more exciting. The excitement continues in the next segment too when the flute plays a beautiful melody.

The lines in the CharaNams call for an interesting study too. The first two lines rendered by Malaysia Vasudevan have a touch of nonchalance. The next two lines of Janaki suddenly touch the higher octave. The scale changes in the next two lines of Malaysia Vasudevan while Janaki continues in the higher octave in the original scale in the next line. The last line continues in the male voice almost sounding similar to the previous line but is wound up with the ‘pa pa pa pa pa’ giving a feeling of completeness.

To be honest, the entire CharaNam is a tight rope walk and all the three come up trumps.

There is more in store in the second interlude.

The trumpet sounds in higher octave giving a pause in between. The team of piped instruments joins and until now there is no percussion. The trumpet gathers steam and as if to add more spice, the bass guitar joins. So do the drums. It is a jazzy feel with the guitar and the bass guitar taking over. The flute appears in the end again, playing a rather unusual and different melody.

The sensuous ‘pa pa’ towards the end of the song makes it even more special.

Books are to be read by the individual.
Songs (like this) are to be listened to and are not to be watched.

The first statement could be subjective. But not the second one..If you have any doubts, go, watch and then decide.



Friday 2 August 2019

VIBGYOR



Do swaras and ragas have colours?

This may sound abstract or even absurd but I feel it is a valid question. Long back, two very popular carnatic musicians (sisters in fact) raised this question to another musician. This was part of an item in a Tamizh magazine (yes, those days Tamizh magazines had more aesthetic sense and sensibilities) in which musicians interacted. One musician would ask a question to a fellow musician, who after answering the question would ask a question to another fellow musician. This chain was as interesting as the questions and answers and revealed a lot to a layman like me who wanted to learn more and more about music.

The duo who asked the question even named some ragas and the colours associated with those. What they meant was this- Whenever they played a particular raga, they visualised a particular colour. They wanted to know if other- musicians that is- too had similar experience. Though I don’t remember who answered this question, I found this to be very interesting. Nearly 15 years after this, I happened to interact with a musician- a child prodigy who plays a very beautiful instrument- in a Dance camp and asked him this question. He paused for a moment, looked at me and said ‘It is a very interesting question. Why don’t you ask me in the forum after I finish my lecture?

Unfortunately, I couldn’t due to reasons I don’t want to get into now. But I have always related colours with music and vice versa.  Coming to think of it, the basic swaras are seven and the rainbow has seven colours. I don’t mean to say that each colour corresponds to one swara but this coincidence (or is it?) is striking.  Colours are dynamic, full of energy, and at the same time give a sense of calmness. Music does the same.

Let us now celebrate Colours and Music with a song. Surprisingly enough, the word ‘colour’ appears only in the first line and yet I feel the song is very colourful.
I really don’t know as to ‘Rangulalo kalavai’ from ‘Abhinandana’(1987) giving me visions of various colours and I am sure the reason has to do more with the whole composition and just a little with the first word. It is a composition with many specialities.

1.Janaki- In some of my earlier posts, I had mentioned as to how he has used Janaki’s voice as an instrument. In ‘Rangulalo..’, Janaki renders only the Pallavi and that too only twice-after the first charaNam and in the end. Otherwise, she just hums. Indeed, this ‘just humming’ has the capacity to take us to the heaven. The composition starts with her humming. To start with it seems like a plaintive cry of a bird. But this is just an illusion. The moment the next part of the humming starts, we spot the romance in that voice. The final ‘akaaram’ makes it classic and classical.
The ‘akaaram’ appears in the second part of charanams too and the rolling of the voice…isn’t it amazing and mind blowing?

2.SPB- That this gentleman can change the voice to suit the occasion is a known fact. Here, his voice is shrill and gets shriller in the higher octave making it a thrilling experience.

3.Acharya Athreya- Not many in Tamizh Nadu know about this genius. Known for his aesthetic sense and his word plays, this legend shows yet again that he is a romantic at heart. Look at these words- ‘Colourful dream’, ‘Art inside the heart’, ‘Sculpture’, ‘Embodiment of art’ ‘Swinging imagination’, ‘Beauty like the blooming spring’, ‘Honeyed arrow’ ..

This is how he describes the Lady Love. He even calls her as his ‘viraha taapam’.
Height of beautiful imagination (or is it swinging imagination?).

What he does in the end is a masterstroke. Throughout the song, he asks questions- ‘Are you this/that’. But at the end-when the Pallavi is rendered, he affirms that ‘yes, you are that’. Not many songs end like this.

I am also told that generally Athreya gaaru wrote the lyrics and these were later set to tune by the music composer. I believe this song also was written first. That brings us to the gentleman who set this to tune.

4.ILaiyaraaja- What can one say about this tune in Hindolam? Sorry, can’t find a suitable adjective. Even the accidental note in the CharaNams enhances the appeal. The structure of the CharaNams is a lesson for all aspiring music composers. Look at the last line where he splits the chatushram into 16 maatras as ta ki ta/ ta ki  ta/ ta ki  ta/ ta ki  ta/ta ka dhi mi almost like a pure classical composition.

Ah yes, the rhythmic pattern almost throughout the song is a kind of leitmotif. One set of percussion sounds the first 4(ta ka dhi mi) and then sounds only the first syllable(ta) thrice while the second set(vamping of guitar) sounds all the 16 albeit subtly. Both these happen simultaneously!

If I say that the orchestration is beautiful, it is like saying ‘The moon is beautiful’ or ‘the flowers give beautiful fragrance’. Stating the obvious may sound clichéd but in the case of Raaja sir, this cannot be helped.

The Prelude has the rhythm guitar backing Janaki’s humming. The ankle bells follow during the second part of the humming with the tabla tarang and jalatarangam showing subtle shades of Hindolam. The bass guitar winds up the Prelude in its own style.

The sitar responds to the first two lines of SPB with elan.

The first interlude starts with the call and response between the strings and the tabla tarang. The strings then go up the stream to the backing of the percussion(playing in the pattern explained before 3 paragraphs). The percussion decides to take a break with the strings taking a straight path and the flute that follows blows with joy. The keys sounding like a stringed instrument guide us to the first CharaNam.

The flute now follows SPB in the first section of the CharaNam(the following sections of course have that original instrument called Janaki’s voice as explained earlier!).

The second interlude is a class by itself and has some variegated patterns which can be conceived only by one gentleman in film music. It starts with the flute-sans percussion- which plays an amazing piece in Hindolam to the backing of the bass guitar with brief repartee by the tabla tarang. We then see the western contours of Hindolam with the strings showing some glistening strands. The harmony between the violins and the cello has to be heard to be believed. After drenching us with honey, the sitar and tabla tarang take us on a blissful journey to the backing of the percussion.

It is indeed a spiritual journey. Don’t I see the white colour now?

And after all, what is white?
Probably, this answers my question..